月球及火星等地外天体科考基地建设规划与发展战略研究

doi:10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当今世界，信息技术创新日新月异，人类进入数字化、网络化、智能化时代，推动深空探测活动更大规模发展。此外，日益严峻的全球环境污染、资源短缺、生态危机等问题，促使人类寻找并创建“第二家园”。为此，美国、中国、俄罗斯、欧盟等国家和机构相继提出月轨空间站、月球村、火星基地等构想，并积极推动一系列深空探测计划。文章综述了国内外地外天体科考基地的发展历程与研究进展，论述其所涉及的技术领域和核心任务，并提出了中国关于地外天体科考基地的发展建议。

关键词: 深空探测, 地外天体, 月球科研站, 火星基地

Abstract:

In today’s world, information technology innovation is changing rapidly, and mankind has entered the era of digitalization, networking and intelligence, promoting the development of deep space exploration activities on a larger scale. In addition, the increasingly severe global environmental pollution, resource shortage, ecological crisis and other issues, prompting human beings to find and create a “second home”. To this end, the United States, China, Russia, the European Union and other countries and institutions have successively developed the concept such as lunar orbit space stations, lunar villages, and Mars bases, and actively promoted a series of deep space exploration plans. This paper reviews the development process and research progress of celestial body scientific research bases, discusses the technical fields and core tasks involved, and puts forward the development suggestions in China.

Key words: deep space exploration, celestial bodies, lunar research station, Mars base

张泽旭, 高飞宇, 梅洪元, 孟松鹤, 迟海义, 赵嘉龙, 王义宇, 袁帅. 月球及火星等地外天体科考基地建设规划与发展战略研究[J]. 前瞻科技, 2024, 3(1): 49-61.

ZHANG Zexu, GAO Feiyu, MEI Hongyuan, MENG Songhe, CHI Haiyi, ZHAO Jialong, WANG Yiyu, YUAN Shuai. Construction Planning and Development Strategy of Scientific Research Bases on the Moon and Mars and Other Celestial Bodies[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2024, 3(1): 49-61.

图/表 12

图1 半掩埋式月球基地设想

Fig. 1 Semi-buried lunar base scenario

图2 月面3D打印建造月球基地过程

Fig. 2 Lunar surface 3D printing process to build a lunar base

图3 SpaceX公司的火星殖民基地设想

Fig. 3 SpaceX’s scenario for a Mars colonization base

图4 模块化火星基地全局、外部和内部设计图

Fig. 4 Global, exterior, and interior blueprints of a modular Mars base

图5 “三叶草”科考基地建造步骤

Fig. 5 Construction steps of “Clover” scientific research base

图6 “中国星”科考基地建造步骤示意图

Fig. 6 Construction steps for the “China Star” scientific research base

图7 国际月球科研站概念图

Fig. 7 Concept map of an international lunar research station

图8 地外天体科考基地探测与开发研究

Fig. 8 Exploration and development of scientific research base on celestial bodies

图9 地外天体科考基地生态与生命研究

Fig. 9 Ecology and life of scientific research base on celestial bodies

图10 地外天体能源与资源开发和利用研究

Fig. 10 Development and utilization of energy and resources of celestial bodies

图11 地外天体建筑与操作研究

Fig. 11 Construction and operation of celestial bodies

图12 地外天体信息与通信研究

Fig. 12 Information and communication of celestial bodies

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