Material forming, as a key metal processing technology, encompasses various forms such as casting, welding, forging, additive manufacturing, and powder metallurgy, and it is widely applied in important defence fields such as aerospace. Porosity, inclusions, and voids are the main internal defects, which seriously affect the performance and reliability of high-end equipment. In recent years, with the continuous development of software and hardware, defect detection technology has made significant progress. Based on a brief review of the current status of defect detection technology, this article analyzed the major technical breakthroughs and scientific advancements achieved by various detection methods such as radiography, ultrasound, and fluorescence, discussed the future development trends and research directions of intelligent detection for metal components, and provided policy recommendations from four dimensions: standard system construction, core technology breakthroughs, process flow reengineering, and system platform construction, with the aim of providing theoretical and technical support for high-reliability detection of metal components in high-end equipment.

As the global issue of climate change becomes increasingly severe, the role of hydrogen energy as a clean energy source is becoming more pronounced. This article analyzed the hydrogen energy development strategies in different countries and regions such as the United States, the European Union, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Japan, and the Republic of Korea to clarify their respective characteristics. It also discussed key issues present in international hydrogen energy cooperation. On this basis, the article identified the potential and challenges of international hydrogen energy trade, explored possible models and prospects for hydrogen energy technology cooperation, and examined the potential impact of geopolitical factors on hydrogen energy cooperation. Furthermore, this article drew from international experiences to provide insights for China in formulating hydrogen energy development policies and strategies and proposed specific policy recommendations for promoting the healthy and efficient development of China’s hydrogen energy industry and strengthening international cooperation. Finally, the article concluded that international cooperation in the field of hydrogen energy is of great significance for addressing climate change and driving energy transition, and it emphasized the importance of deepening international cooperation and providing references for the construction of China’s hydrogen energy strategies.

Mission planning technology provides a vital technical support for intelligent munition swarms to successfully perform operational missions, accomplish cooperative operations, and promote the autonomy and intelligence of munition swarms. This paper summarizes the technical connotation and characteristics of cooperative mission planning technology of intelligent munition swarms and systematically reviews the development history and status of the technology from several perspectives, such as technology generation, project verification, theoretical methods, software/hardware environments, and verification methods. Then, according to task requirements of intelligent munition swarms for actual combat, the current technical challenges and the future research directions concerning the cooperative mission planning technology of munition swarms are discussed in terms of theoretical algorithms, autonomous and controllable software/hardware, and test platforms. Finally, some development suggestions on cooperative mission planning technology of intelligent munition swarms in China are given.