Abstract:

Polymer hydrogels are a class of materials composed of hydrophilic networks and water, with excellent soft and wet properties. With the development of intelligent materials research, functional polymer hydrogels with light, temperature, and electrical responsiveness have made breakthrough progress. They provide innovative solutions for precision medicine (such as smart drug delivery and tissue engineering), intelligent agriculture (such as water molecule regulation and pollutant adsorption), and the development of interactive pad devices. However, their practical application is still limited by key challenges such as insufficient mechanical strength and low functional integration. However, current hydrogels still face challenges such as poor mechanical properties and single function. This paper reviewed the latest research results of functional hydrogels and discussed the direction of their optimization and multifunctionality, which is expected to provide innovative technological solutions for the fields of precision medicine, environmental protection, and smart materials in the future and promote the rapid development of the related fields.

Key words: functional polymer hydrogel, biomedicine, environmental protection, smart material

摘要：

高分子水凝胶是由亲水三维网络和水分子构成的功能材料，具有独特的“软、湿”特性。随着智能材料研究的发展，具有光、温度、电响应特性的功能高分子水凝胶取得突破性进展，为精准医疗（如智能药物递送、组织工程）、智能农业（如水分调控、污染物吸附）和交互式电子器件开发提供了创新解决方案，但其实际应用仍面临机械强度不足、功能集成度低等关键挑战。文章综述了功能水凝胶的最新研究成果，并探讨了其优化和多功能化的方向，未来有望为精准医疗、环境保护和智能材料等领域提供创新的技术解决方案，推动相关领域的快速发展。

关键词: 功能高分子水凝胶, 生物医疗, 环境保护, 智能材料