电驱动化背景下中国车用能源动力发展路径与建议

doi:10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2025.02.001

前瞻科技 ›› 2025, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 8-20.DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2025.02.001

电驱动化背景下中国车用能源动力发展路径与建议

陈龙^†(), 汪少华, 王峰, 施德华, 孙晓强, 王丽梅, 王勇

江苏大学汽车工程研究院，镇江 212013

收稿日期:2024-12-13 修回日期:2025-03-01 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-26
通讯作者: †
作者简介:陈龙，教授，博士研究生导师。中国汽车工程学会会士、副理事长，中国智能电动汽车专业委员会副理事长，中国电动汽车标准委员会委员，江苏省汽车工程学会副理事长。江苏省“新能源汽车”优势学科带头人，江苏大学车辆工程学科带头人、交通运输工程一级博士点学科带头人，混合动力车辆技术国家工程研究中心主任、江苏省道路载运工具运用新技术应用重点实验室主任。主要从事车辆动力学与控制研究。主持国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金、江苏省科技成果转化专项资金项目等30多项。获部省级一等奖5项、二等奖9项，江苏省十大专利发明人奖。出版专著1部，发表论文200多篇，授权发明专利100多件。电子信箱：chenlong@ujs.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52142214)

Development Path and Suggestions for China Automotive Energy Sources under the Background of Electrification

CHEN Long^†(), WANG Shaohua, WANG Feng, SHI Dehua, SUN Xiaoqiang, WANG Limei, WANG Yong

Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Received:2024-12-13 Revised:2025-03-01 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-26
Contact: †

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电驱动已成为全球汽车产业转型升级、绿色发展的主要方向。历经20余年的艰辛培育，中国汽车产业电驱动化转型已取得一定的先发优势，新能源汽车产业规模全球领先。与此同时，混合动力、纯电驱动、氢燃料电池等不同类型的车用能源供给方式不断涌现，持续发展。因此，加快明确电驱动化背景下中国车用能源的供给方式对产业发展具有重要指导意义。文章从汽车产业电驱动化转型的积极意义入手，梳理了电驱动化背景下中国汽车产业的发展现状和挑战，并深入分析了不同类型车用能源供给方式的技术特点，分析了中国车用能源的发展路径，提出了电驱动化背景下中国车用能源动力的发展建议。

关键词: 电驱动化, 车用能源, 汽车产业, 发展路径, 发展建议

Abstract:

Electric driving has become the main direction for the upgrading and green development of the global automotive industry. After more than 20 years of arduous cultivation, China’s automotive industry has achieved a certain first-mover advantage in the transformation toward electrification, and the scale of the new energy vehicle industry is leading globally. At the same time, different types of automotive energy supply methods such as hybrid power, pure electrification, and hydrogen fuel cells continue to emerge and develop. Therefore, accelerating the clarification of the supply mode of automotive energy in China under the background of electrification has important guiding significance for industrial development. This article starts with the positive significance of the electrification transformation in the automotive industry, summarizes the current development status and challenges of China’s automotive industry under the background of electrification, and deeply analyzes the technical characteristics of different types of automotive energy supply methods. Finally, after analyzing the development path of automotive energy supply, it proposes development suggestions for automotive energy sources under the background of electrification.

Key words: electrification, automotive energy, automotive industry, development route, development suggestions

陈龙, 汪少华, 王峰, 施德华, 孙晓强, 王丽梅, 王勇. 电驱动化背景下中国车用能源动力发展路径与建议[J]. 前瞻科技, 2025, 4(2): 8-20.

CHEN Long, WANG Shaohua, WANG Feng, SHI Dehua, SUN Xiaoqiang, WANG Limei, WANG Yong. Development Path and Suggestions for China Automotive Energy Sources under the Background of Electrification[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2025, 4(2): 8-20.

图/表 2

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能源类型	供给方式	优势	挑战
汽油/柴油/天然气/甲醇等	加油/气站	供给能力强，补能迅速，技术成熟，基础设施建设成熟	污染大，能效低
电	充电站	可大范围供给，基础设施相对完善，充电技术成熟，绿电污染小	补能慢，大规模推广对电网提出挑战
电	换电站	补能迅速，降低购车成本，绿电污染小，电池灵活升级	不同车企难以共享换电网络，基础设施难大范围覆盖，大规模推广对电网提出挑战
氢	加氢站	补能迅速，能量密度高（适合重载车辆），绿氢污染小	基础设施建设投入大，制储运技术难度和成本高，存在一定安全隐患

能源类型	供给方式	优势	挑战
汽油/柴油/天然气/甲醇等	加油/气站	供给能力强，补能迅速，技术成熟，基础设施建设成熟	污染大，能效低
电	充电站	可大范围供给，基础设施相对完善，充电技术成熟，绿电污染小	补能慢，大规模推广对电网提出挑战
电	换电站	补能迅速，降低购车成本，绿电污染小，电池灵活升级	不同车企难以共享换电网络，基础设施难大范围覆盖，大规模推广对电网提出挑战
氢	加氢站	补能迅速，能量密度高（适合重载车辆），绿氢污染小	基础设施建设投入大，制储运技术难度和成本高，存在一定安全隐患

电驱动化背景下中国车用能源动力发展路径与建议

Development Path and Suggestions for China Automotive Energy Sources under the Background of Electrification

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