Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is set to become the backbone of China’s natural gas market, playing a crucial role in ensuring the successful achievement of the country’s “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” targets. The long-distance cryogenic pipeline transportation of LNG facilitates the efficient transfer and tiered utilization of the inherent cold energy in LNG. Furthermore, its deep integration with cold networks and natural gas pipelines enhances the potential for leapfrog development in the integrated transportation of LNG, cold energy, and natural gas. This article systematically summarizes the current state of various technologies including long-distance cryogenic pipeline transportation for LNG, tiered utilization of cold energy in long-distance pipelines, regulation technology for long-distance cryogenic LNG pipelines, and the integration of such pipelines with multi-network systems. It analyzes the key challenges these technologies face under new energy security strategies and forecasts future trends. This outlook aims to provide scientific perspectives and directions for the development and enhancement of technologies for the integration of long-distance cryogenic LNG transportation with multi-network systems in China.

The traction system is the power source of high-speed maglev trains, and the performance of the traction power supply and control system affects the maximum speed, stability, and comfort of the train. This article systematically reviews the development history and latest research progress of traction power supply and control technologies for high-speed maglev transportation in China and abroad. In addition, the characteristics of mature traction power supply and control technologies such as German electromagnetic suspension (EMS) maglev, Japanese superconducting maglev, and Chinese EMS maglev transportation are analyzed. To meet the operation requirements of 600 km/h EMS high-speed maglev trains, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on how to make the traction power supply and control system provide greater and more stable traction and braking force and improve the efficiency of traction power supply. Efforts should be concentrated on tackling challenges of long-term vehicle stability and comfort to multi-port and high-power traction system control and key issues such as intelligent perception and reliability improvement of health status throughout the entire lifecycle, so as to achieve full-speed range energy efficiency improvement. It is recommended to rely on the renovation and upgrading of the Shanghai Maglev Train Demonstration Operation Line, break through the engineering design, manufacturing, and intelligent operation and maintenance technologies of the traction system, and build a Chinese independent and controllable traction system test platform, providing Chinese solutions for traction power supply and control technologies.