As the global issue of climate change becomes increasingly severe, the role of hydrogen energy as a clean energy source is becoming more pronounced. This article analyzed the hydrogen energy development strategies in different countries and regions such as the United States, the European Union, Germany, Spain, France, Italy, Japan, and the Republic of Korea to clarify their respective characteristics. It also discussed key issues present in international hydrogen energy cooperation. On this basis, the article identified the potential and challenges of international hydrogen energy trade, explored possible models and prospects for hydrogen energy technology cooperation, and examined the potential impact of geopolitical factors on hydrogen energy cooperation. Furthermore, this article drew from international experiences to provide insights for China in formulating hydrogen energy development policies and strategies and proposed specific policy recommendations for promoting the healthy and efficient development of China’s hydrogen energy industry and strengthening international cooperation. Finally, the article concluded that international cooperation in the field of hydrogen energy is of great significance for addressing climate change and driving energy transition, and it emphasized the importance of deepening international cooperation and providing references for the construction of China’s hydrogen energy strategies.