Nowadays, many software systems are working in open, dynamic, and nondeterministic scenarios, often suffering from unexpected interference and influence. It is important to conduct runtime verification and monitoring of system behavior and adaptively make real-time responses and decisions for and exert dynamic control over each real-time situation. This paper reviews the research progress of runtime verification, monitoring, enhancement, and dynamical control in and outside China and their prospects. Meanwhile, it also explores and recommends potential future research directions from the perspectives of the understanding of system behavior, controller synthesis, full-cycle monitoring, etc.