The high-speed maglev train adopts driving technology of long-stator linear synchronous motor, which directly influences the maximum operating speed, acceleration and deceleration capability and operating efficiency of system. It is also strongly coupled with levitation system and guidance system, and then affects the safety, economy and comfort of system. This paper analyzes the driving technology of high-speed maglev transportation system at home and abroad, and then discusses the status and shortage of long-stator linear synchronous motor for existing high-speed maglev train. Based on viewing existing problem and challenges, the research and development directions of driving technology for 600 km/h high-speed maglev transportation system are proposed according to three aspects including the structure optimization of long-stator linear synchronous motor, precise calculation of long-stator linear synchronous motor running dynamic performance under complicate variable working condition, and adaptability design of complex application environment.