This paper provides a systematic review of the application of digital technologies in the resource utilisation of canal engineering spoil. It analyses the current challenges in spoil disposal, including large volumes, complex compositions, and prominent environmental pressures. Then, it focuses on discussing technological progress in key areas such as digital excavation, safety control during storage, intelligent processing, and low-carbon management. Moreover, by combining the Pinglu Canal project and the European “Dragon Plan”, this paper summarises the experiences where digital technologies enhance the efficiency and environmental benefits of spoil utilisation. It also identifies persistent challenges in standardisation, cost control, and systemic coordination, and offers corresponding recommendations to support efficient and sustainable spoil resource utilisation in canal engineering.

Under the strategic imperatives of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and the strategy of a country with strong transportation network, canal construction projects present substantial environmental challenges. The sector’s large-scale engineering projects consume massive energy and material resources, resulting in substantial carbon emissions. Achieving emission reduction has become a critical imperative for boosting sustainable development in China’s transportation infrastructure. Using the Pinglu Canal Project as a case study, this paper reviews current methodologies for carbon accounting in hydraulic engineering and evaluates emerging low-carbon construction technologies. Furthermore, the paper offers three strategic development suggestions, including standardized emission metrics of canals, carbon reduction technology development, and realization path of carbon sink value.