游动微纳机器人的发展趋势及挑战

doi:10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.03.004

前瞻科技 ›› 2024, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (3): 45-60.DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.03.004

游动微纳机器人的发展趋势及挑战

常晓丛¹^,²(), 李隆球¹^,^†(), 周德开¹^,²

1.哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院，哈尔滨 150001
2.哈尔滨工业大学重庆研究院，重庆 401151

收稿日期:2024-06-11 修回日期:2024-07-01 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-09-18
通讯作者: †
作者简介:常晓丛，副教授。主要从事微纳机器人技术领域的相关研究工作。主持国家自然科学基金青年基金等项目。发表论文27篇，授权发明专利18件。电子信箱：xiaocong@hit.edu.cn。
李隆球，教授，博士研究生导师。哈尔滨工业大学期刊中心主任。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，中国青年科技奖获得者。中国微米纳米技术学会理事，中国微米纳米技术学会微纳执行器与微系统副理事长，美国机械工程师学会微纳系统技术分会委员。国家重点研发计划评审专家和国家科技奖励评审专家等。主要从事机器人技术、微纳与智能制造技术装备、机电一体化技术等研究。主持国家重点研发计划等项目。获国防科技进步奖一等奖1项、省部级奖励一等奖3项和二等奖2项等。发表论文120余篇。电子信箱：longqiuli@hit.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52125505);国家自然科学基金(U20A20297);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1295);黑龙江头雁项目(HITTY-20190036)

Development Trends and Challenges of Swimming Micro/Nanorobots

CHANG Xiaocong¹^,²(), LI Longqiu¹^,^†(), ZHOU Dekai¹^,²

1. School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
2. Chongqing Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401151, China

Received:2024-06-11 Revised:2024-07-01 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-09-18
Contact: †

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

游动微纳机器人作为微执行器的重要分支，凭借尺寸小、推重比大、可控性好等特性，能够深入传统机器人无法到达的狭小空间，为生物医学、环境监测、纳米工程等领域带来变革性思路。近年来，随着材料科学、纳米技术和生物技术的不断发展，游动微纳机器人的研究取得了显著进展。然而，游动微纳机器人的研究和应用仍面临着复杂环境中的高效运动和控制、生物相容性和可降解性，以及临床应用等诸多挑战。因此，文章综述了游动微纳机器人在驱动方法、设计与制造、控制方法及应用的进展，分析了发展趋势，并提出未来的发展建议，以期为相关领域学者提供参考和借鉴，推动游动微纳机器人技术的进一步发展和应用。

关键词: 微纳机器人, 驱动与控制, 设计与制造, 应用领域

Abstract:

As an important branch of microactuators, swimming micro/nanorobots provide revolutionary solutions for various fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and nanoengineering due to their small size, high thrust-to-weight ratio, and good controllability, and they can enter into narrow spaces that traditional robots cannot reach. In recent years, with the continuous development of material science, nanotechnology, and biotechnology, significant progress has been made in the research on swimming micro/nanorobots. However, the research and application of swimming micro/nanorobots still face many challenges such as efficient motion and control in complex environments, biocompatibility and biodegradability, and clinical applications. Therefore, this article reviewed the progress of swimming micro/nanorobots in the fields of drive, design, manufacturing, control, and application, analyzed their development trends, and proposed future development suggestions, so as to provide a reference and inspiration for scholars in related fields for developing and applying swimming micro/nanorobots.

Key words: micro/nanorobots, drive and control, design and manufacturing, application field

常晓丛, 李隆球, 周德开. 游动微纳机器人的发展趋势及挑战[J]. 前瞻科技, 2024, 3(3): 45-60.

CHANG Xiaocong, LI Longqiu, ZHOU Dekai. Development Trends and Challenges of Swimming Micro/Nanorobots[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2024, 3(3): 45-60.

图/表 4

图1 游动微纳机器人的驱动方法

Fig. 1 Drive methods for swimming micro/nanorobots

图2 微纳机器人在生物医疗领域的应用

Fig. 2 Application of micro/nanorobots in biomedicine

图3 微纳机器人在环境监测与治理领域的应用

Fig. 3 Application of micro/nanorobots in environmental monitoring and remediation

图4 微纳机器人在纳米工程领域的应用

Fig. 4 Application of micro/nanorobots in nanoengineering

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游动微纳机器人的发展趋势及挑战

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