道路交通系统韧性提升技术展望

doi:10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.003

前瞻科技 ›› 2023, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (3): 34-44.DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2023.03.003

道路交通系统韧性提升技术展望

李萌¹^,^†(), 丁川², 李昀轩³

1.清华大学土木水利学院，北京 100084
2.北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院，北京 100191
3.北京工业大学城市交通学院，北京 100124

收稿日期:2023-04-10 修回日期:2023-08-23 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-10-10
通讯作者: †
作者简介:李萌，清华大学长聘副教授，研究员，博士研究生导师。清华大学-梅赛德斯奔驰可持续交通联合研究院院长，清华大学智能网联汽车与交通研究中心副主任等。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，中国智能交通协会中青年创新领军人才。主要从事韧性交通、交通大数据分析、智能交通、自动驾驶方面的研究。电子信箱：mengli@tsinghua.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52325209)

Prospects of Resilience Enhancement Technology for Road Transportation System

LI Meng¹^,^†(), DING Chuan², LI Yunxuan³

1. School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
3. College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

Received:2023-04-10 Revised:2023-08-23 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-10-10
Contact: †

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

道路交通是国民经济和社会发展的命脉，提升道路交通系统韧性是打造宜居韧性智慧城市的关键举措。随着城镇化进程加快，城市面临的不确定性因素交织叠加，频发的自然灾害、重大活动、公共安全事件等对韧性道路交通系统建设提出了更为迫切的要求。文章对道路交通系统韧性的内涵进行了概述，梳理了国内外道路交通韧性从理念引入、政策支持到技术应用的3个发展阶段，围绕系统韧性规划体系、多维度韧性评估、动态推演与演化机制、应急组织与协同管控，凝练总结了韧性提升在道路规划、设计、管控、运行维护等全环节的关键挑战。最后，从加强顶层规划和统筹设计、攻克核心科学问题和关键技术、健全法律法规和标准化技术文件、加速推进技术成果落地应用4个方面提出了中国道路交通系统韧性发展建议。

关键词: 道路交通系统, 韧性提升技术, 应急保障

Abstract:

Road transportation system is the lifeline of the national economy and social development. Enhancing the resilience of the road transportation system is a key initiative to build a livable and resilient smart city. As urbanization accelerates, the interwoven complexities of extraordinary events become more pronounced in cities, encompassing a heightened frequency of natural disasters, mega-events, and public security incidents. These factors collectively underscore a pressing need for enhancing resilient road transportation systems. This paper provides an overview of the concept of road transportation system resilience and summarizes the three stages of global development in road transportation resilience, including the introduction of the concept, policy support, and technical application. Through the analysis of traffic demand in road planning, design, control, operation, and maintenance, this paper identifies the key challenges of resilience enhancement technology in four areas: system resilience planning system, multidimensional resilience assessment, dynamic deduction and evolutionary mechanisms, and emergency organization and collaborative management. Finally, the prospects of China’s road transportation resilience enhancement technology are proposed: Strengthening top-level planning and integrated design of resilient transportation, investigating core scientific issues and key technologies, perfecting laws and regulations and publishing technical standards and norms for resilience enhancement, demonstrating of the typical cities on the ground.

Key words: road transportation system, resilience enhancement technology, emergency rescue

李萌, 丁川, 李昀轩. 道路交通系统韧性提升技术展望[J]. 前瞻科技, 2023, 2(3): 34-44.

LI Meng, DING Chuan, LI Yunxuan. Prospects of Resilience Enhancement Technology for Road Transportation System[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2023, 2(3): 34-44.

图/表 8

图1 非常态事件对道路交通系统的影响

图2 韧性道路交通系统概念图

图3 交通系统韧性发展阶段及里程碑事件

图4 国外非常态事件影响下道路交通系统

图5 国内非常态事件影响下的道路交通系统

图6 道路交通系统多维韧性评估方法

图7 非常态事件影响下复杂道路交通系统韧性多态演化机制

图8 道路交通系统韧性协同管控

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道路交通系统韧性提升技术展望

Prospects of Resilience Enhancement Technology for Road Transportation System

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