月面人机联合探测的人因学问题

doi:10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.01.002

前瞻科技 ›› 2024, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (1): 22-33.DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.2097-0781.2024.01.002

月面人机联合探测的人因学问题

陈善广(), 王春慧

中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程全国重点实验室，北京 100094

收稿日期:2023-08-18 修回日期:2024-01-10 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-03-27
通讯作者: †
作者简介:陈善广，研究员，博士研究生导师。国际宇航科学院院士。人因工程全国重点实验室主任。曾任中国载人航天工程副总设计师。国家重点基础研究发展计划项目首席科学家。中国人类工效学学会常务理事兼复杂系统人因与工效学分会主任委员。主要从事人因工程方向研究。获国家科学技术进步奖特等奖1项、一等奖1项、二等奖1项，部省级科技成果一等奖7项、二等奖10项。出版学术专著8部，科普作品5部，译著3部。发表论文160多篇，授权发明专利20余件。电子信箱：shanguang_chen@126.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(T2192933)

Human Factors in Human-machine Joint Exploration on Lunar Surface

CHEN Shanguang(), WANG Chunhui

National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China

Received:2023-08-18 Revised:2024-01-10 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-27
Contact: †

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

进入21世纪，载人月球探测再次成为世界航天大国的追逐热点。探测任务安全性要求更高、任务更加复杂而艰巨，充分发挥并综合利用人与机器各自优势开展人机联合探测已成为共识。文章首先分析了当前月球探测中自动化和智能化技术的应用现状，在此基础上对未来月面人机联合探测的任务特点进行分析，提出了适于人机联合探测的4种典型任务类别、影响人机协同效能发挥的5个方面的因素。面向未来的人机联合探测，文章深入分析了所面临的人因风险与挑战，并从研究布局、地面实施建设，以及标准和体系建设等方面提出了解决未来月面人机联合探测中人因问题的建议。

关键词: 载人月球探测, 人机联合探测, 人机协作, 人因学, 人-系统整合

Abstract:

Manned lunar exploration has once again become a hot pursuit among the international aerospace powers in the 21st century. The safety requirements for exploration missions are higher, and the missions are more complex and challenging. As a result, it has become a consensus to fully leverage and comprehensively utilize the respective advantages of humans and machines to carry out human-machine joint exploration. This paper reviews the current application status of automation and intelligence technologies in the field of lunar exploration. On this basis, the characteristics of future lunar human-machine joint exploration missions are analyzed. Four typical mission categories suitable for human-machine joint exploration are proposed, as well as five influencing factors that affect the effectiveness of human-machine cooperation. This paper also provides an in-depth analysis of the human factor risks and challenges in future human-machine joint exploration and proposes some suggestions for addressing human factor issues in future human-machine joint exploration on lunar surface from the perspectives of research program, ground facility construction, and relevant standard and system development.

Key words: manned lunar exploration, human-machine joint exploration, human-machine cooperation, human factors, human-system integration

陈善广, 王春慧. 月面人机联合探测的人因学问题[J]. 前瞻科技, 2024, 3(1): 22-33.

CHEN Shanguang, WANG Chunhui. Human Factors in Human-machine Joint Exploration on Lunar Surface[J]. Science and Technology Foresight, 2024, 3(1): 22-33.

图/表 4

图1 中国空间站机械臂

Fig. 1 SM in Chinese space station

图2 Robonaut机器人

Fig. 2 Space robot—Robonaut

图3 Astrobee机器人

Fig. 3 Space robot—Astrobee

图4 NASA JSC Rock Yard开展航天员着服状态下人-机器人联合探测试验

Fig. 4 Human-robot joint exploration test by NASA JSC Rock Yard

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月面人机联合探测的人因学问题

Human Factors in Human-machine Joint Exploration on Lunar Surface

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